Modeling chemical reactions helps engineers virtually understand the chemistry, optimal size and design of the system, and how it interacts with other physics that may come into play. 108-47-4
A cationic degradation product, formed in solution from retinal Schiff base (RSB), is examined in the gas phase using ion mobility spectrometry, photoisomerization action spectroscopy, and collision induced dissociation (CID). The degradation product is found to be N-n-butyl-2-(beta-ionylidene)-4-methylpyridinium (BIP) produced through 6pi electrocyclization of RSB followed by protonation and loss of dihydrogen. Ion mobility measurements show that BIP exists as trans and cis isomers that can be interconverted through buffer gas collisions and by exposure to light, with a maximum response at lambda = 420 nm. Graphical Abstract[Figure not available: see fulltext.]
The proportionality constant is the rate constant for the particular unimolecular reaction. the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. I hope my blog about 108-47-4 is helpful to your research. 108-47-4
Reference：
Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis—I. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis